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Academic Frontiers: Research Progress on the Relationship between Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Diseases

Academic Frontiers: Research Progress on the Relationship between Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Diseases

(Summary description)Preeclampsia is a unique disease during pregnancy. Compared with normal pregnant women, the incidence of cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia patients and their offspring is significantly increased. Therefore, understanding the mechanism and research progress of cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease related to preeclampsia. 1. Evidence-based medicine evidence of preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease in women Epidemiological studies have confirmed that the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with preeclampsia is significantly increased. A meta-analysis of 1.13 million women in Taiwan, China showed that compared with normal pregnant women, the risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with preeclampsia increased by 13 times within 3 years after delivery.

Academic Frontiers: Research Progress on the Relationship between Preeclampsia and Cardiovascular Diseases

(Summary description)Preeclampsia is a unique disease during pregnancy. Compared with normal pregnant women, the incidence of cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia patients and their offspring is significantly increased. Therefore, understanding the mechanism and research progress of cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease related to preeclampsia. 1. Evidence-based medicine evidence of preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease in women Epidemiological studies have confirmed that the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with preeclampsia is significantly increased. A meta-analysis of 1.13 million women in Taiwan, China showed that compared with normal pregnant women, the risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with preeclampsia increased by 13 times within 3 years after delivery.

 

Preeclampsia is a unique disease during pregnancy. Compared with normal pregnant women,the incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with preeclampsia and their offspring has increased significantly.Therefore, understanding the mechanism and research progress of cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease related to preeclampsia.


1.Evidence-based medicine evidence of preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease in women

 

 

 

Epidemiological studies confirmed that,the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with preeclampsia is significantly increased.A meta-analysis of 1.13 million women in Taiwan, China, showed that compared with normal pregnant women, the risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with preeclampsia within 3 years after delivery increased 13 times, the risk of heart failure increased by 8.3 times, and major cardiovascular events were related The mortality rate increased by 2.3 times.

 

 

Another meta-analysis showed that,preeclampsia significantly increases the risk of long-term heart failure and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary heart disease).In addition, preeclampsia can also promote the occurrence of hypertension, cardiomyopathy, microvascular disease, and arrhythmia. What's more noteworthy is that,preeclampsia can not only cause cardiovascular disease in the parturient itself, but also significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in the offspring.

 

 

2.The mechanism of preeclampsia complicated with cardiovascular disease

 

 

 

 

Cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia has common risk factors, which is one of the reasons for the high incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with preeclampsia.Patients with preeclampsia often have persistent endothelial dysfunction, and endothelial dysfunction is the main mechanism that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, oxidative stress, inflammation, coagulation and fibrinolytic imbalance promote each other with endothelial damage, which together lead to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases related to preeclampsia.

 

 

 

3.Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia

 

 

 

 

The main strategies for the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia-related cardiovascular diseases are to reduce the risk of preeclampsia and the postpartum management of patients with preeclampsia. However, the current guidelines for the treatment of preeclampsia are very limited and can be used to reduce the risk of preeclampsia. The only drugs are aspirin and calcium.

 

 

The main treatment for preeclampsia is to lower blood pressure and relieve spasms, and terminate pregnancy if necessary. Therefore, blood pressure and clinical manifestations should be measured every 4 hours after delivery. Antihypertensive treatment should be continued within 6 days after delivery, and then the dose should be gradually reduced until the drug is withdrawn. Postpartum lifestyle interventions for patients with preeclampsia, including smoking cessation, control of BMI, appropriate aerobic exercise, and healthy diet, can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease by 4%-13%.Therefore,reducing the risk of preeclampsia and postpartum management of preeclampsia patients is still the main method and research focus of reducing preeclampsia-related cardiovascular diseases.

 

In short, patients with preeclampsia themselves and their offspring have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The common risk factors of preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease are one of the reasons for the high incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with preeclampsia.Persistent vascular endothelial dysfunction caused by preeclampsia is the main mechanism of cardiovascular disease in preeclampsia.and the mechanism of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the offspring of patients with preeclampsia is still unclear. For patients with preeclampsia complicated with cardiovascular disease, there is still a lack of effective prevention and treatment measures. In the future, more research is still needed to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases related to preeclampsia.


 

 

Original Source

 

Han Xuejie, Zhang Song, Li Yue.Research progress on the relationship between preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease[J].Chinese Journal of Hypertension,2019

DOI:10.16439/j.cnki.1673-7245.2019.05.009

 

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